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|00000000| 00 00 12 1c 00 00 18 c2 | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000010| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000020| 00 00 1e 8d ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000030| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000040| 00 00 24 89 00 00 2a e4 | 00 00 2e 68 00 00 33 0e |..$...*.|...h..3.|
|00000050| 00 00 36 b8 ff ff ff ff | 00 00 3b f1 00 00 41 86 |..6.....|..;...A.|
|00000060| 00 00 45 c3 00 00 49 a9 | 00 00 4e 83 ff ff ff ff |..E...I.|..N.....|
|00000070| 00 00 53 ba ff ff ff ff | 00 00 5d 5a ff ff ff ff |..S.....|..]Z....|
|00000080| ff ff ff ff 00 00 61 89 | 00 00 67 02 00 00 6c ae |......a.|..g...l.|
|00000090| ff ff ff ff 00 00 70 d4 | 00 00 72 68 00 00 77 d9 |......p.|..rh..w.|
|000000a0| 00 00 7a b7 ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |..z.....|........|
|000000b0| 00 00 7e 92 00 00 80 63 | ff ff ff ff 00 00 83 02 |..~....c|........|
|000000c0| 00 00 85 71 00 00 89 b6 | 00 00 8e 16 ff ff ff ff |...q....|........|
|000000d0| 00 00 93 fc 00 00 99 a6 | ff ff ff ff 00 00 9f a2 |........|........|
|000000e0| ff ff ff ff 00 00 a3 da | 00 00 a8 8c ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000000f0| 00 00 ab 49 00 00 ae d1 | 00 00 b3 f7 ff ff ff ff |...I....|........|
|00000100| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000110| 00 00 b9 fe ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000120| ff ff ff ff 00 00 bf d4 | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000130| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000140| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000150| 00 00 c4 68 ff ff ff ff | 00 00 c5 75 ff ff ff ff |...h....|...u....|
|00000160| 00 00 c9 cf ff ff ff ff | 00 00 cf 26 00 00 d1 53 |........|...&...S|
|00000170| ff ff ff ff 00 00 d6 23 | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |.......#|........|
|00000180| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | 00 00 da 59 00 00 df 23 |........|...Y...#|
|00000190| 00 00 e4 ab 00 00 e6 b4 | 00 00 e8 de ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000001a0| 00 00 ee 73 ff ff ff ff | 00 00 f2 55 00 00 f4 35 |...s....|...U...5|
|000001b0| ff ff ff ff 00 00 f9 6e | 00 00 fc 86 00 01 0e 06 |.......n|........|
|000001c0| 00 01 12 1e 00 01 17 9f | ff ff ff ff 00 01 1a 74 |........|.......t|
|000001d0| 00 01 1d df 00 01 22 61 | 00 01 26 92 00 01 28 aa |......"a|..&...(.|
|000001e0| 00 01 2c 2b 00 01 2f b1 | ff ff ff ff 00 01 33 88 |..,+../.|......3.|
|000001f0| ff ff ff ff 00 01 37 8e | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |......7.|........|
|00000200| 00 01 3b 0a 00 01 3e 39 | 00 01 40 cf 00 01 44 6b |..;...>9|..@...Dk|
|00000210| ff ff ff ff 00 01 47 d9 | 00 01 4a 4b 00 01 4d 6d |......G.|..JK..Mm|
|00000220| 00 01 4f ff 00 01 53 17 | 00 01 59 b5 00 01 60 83 |..O...S.|..Y...`.|
|00000230| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | 00 01 62 c3 ff ff ff ff |........|..b.....|
|00000240| 00 01 68 46 ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |..hF....|........|
|00000250| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000260| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000270| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000280| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000290| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000002a0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000002b0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000002c0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000002d0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000002e0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000002f0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000300| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000310| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000320| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000330| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000340| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000350| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000360| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000370| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000380| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000390| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000003a0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | 00 01 69 fb ff ff ff ff |........|..i.....|
|000003b0| 00 01 6b e2 00 01 70 ca | 00 01 73 cd ff ff ff ff |..k...p.|..s.....|
|000003c0| 00 01 74 f0 ff ff ff ff | 00 01 7b 29 ff ff ff ff |..t.....|..{)....|
|000003d0| 00 01 80 06 00 01 85 15 | ff ff ff ff 00 01 88 9f |........|........|
|000003e0| 00 01 8b 35 00 01 94 95 | ff ff ff ff 00 01 99 4d |...5....|.......M|
|000003f0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff 00 01 a0 37 |........|.......7|
|00000400| 00 01 a7 7e 00 01 ac b5 | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |...~....|........|
|00000410| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000420| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000430| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000440| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000450| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000460| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000470| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000480| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000490| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000004a0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000004b0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000004c0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000004d0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000004e0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000004f0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000500| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000510| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000520| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000530| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000540| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000550| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000560| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000570| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000580| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000590| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000005a0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000005b0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000005c0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000005d0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000005e0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000005f0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000600| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000610| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000620| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000630| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000640| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000650| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000660| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000670| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000680| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000690| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000006a0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000006b0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000006c0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000006d0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000006e0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000006f0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000700| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000710| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000720| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000730| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000740| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000750| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000760| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000770| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000780| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000790| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000007a0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000007b0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000007c0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000007d0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000007e0| ff ff ff ff 00 01 b1 3e | 00 01 b4 9e ff ff ff ff |.......>|........|
|000007f0| 00 01 b5 cf 00 01 b8 65 | ff ff ff ff 00 01 ba 80 |.......e|........|
|00000800| 00 01 be 4c ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |...L....|........|
|00000810| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000820| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000830| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000840| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000850| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000860| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000870| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000880| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000890| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000008a0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000008b0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000008c0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000008d0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000008e0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000008f0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000900| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000910| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000920| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000930| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000940| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000950| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000960| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000970| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000980| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000990| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000009a0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000009b0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000009c0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000009d0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000009e0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|000009f0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000a00| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000a10| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000a20| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | 00 01 c2 fa ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000a30| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000a40| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000a50| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000a60| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000a70| ff ff ff ff 00 01 c5 9e | ff ff ff ff 00 01 ca 1b |........|........|
|00000a80| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff 00 01 cc 3c |........|.......<|
|00000a90| 00 01 ce c0 ff ff ff ff | 00 01 d2 b9 00 01 d7 95 |........|........|
|00000aa0| 00 01 dc 8a 00 01 de fd | 00 01 e2 2a 00 01 e7 7a |........|...*...z|
|00000ab0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff 00 01 ed 53 |........|.......S|
|00000ac0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000ad0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff 00 01 f2 28 |........|.......(|
|00000ae0| ff ff ff ff 00 01 f7 17 | 00 01 f9 58 ff ff ff ff |........|...X....|
|00000af0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000b00| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000b10| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000b20| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000b30| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000b40| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000b50| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000b60| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000b70| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000b80| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000b90| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000ba0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000bb0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000bc0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000bd0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000be0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000bf0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000c00| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000c10| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000c20| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000c30| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000c40| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000c50| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000c60| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000c70| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000c80| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000c90| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000ca0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000cb0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000cc0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000cd0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000ce0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000cf0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000d00| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000d10| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000d20| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000d30| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000d40| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000d50| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000d60| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000d70| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000d80| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000d90| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000da0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000db0| 00 01 fe 1e 00 02 01 4b | ff ff ff ff 00 02 04 0f |.......K|........|
|00000dc0| 00 02 09 36 00 02 0d e8 | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |...6....|........|
|00000dd0| 00 02 0f df 00 02 14 ee | 00 02 17 f8 ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000de0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000df0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff 00 02 1c 01 |........|........|
|00000e00| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff 00 02 1f f3 |........|........|
|00000e10| 00 02 22 58 ff ff ff ff | 00 02 27 03 00 02 2b bc |.."X....|..'...+.|
|00000e20| 00 02 31 f6 00 02 36 23 | 00 02 38 7d 00 02 3d a2 |..1...6#|..8}..=.|
|00000e30| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000e40| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000e50| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000e60| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000e70| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000e80| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000e90| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000ea0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000eb0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000ec0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000ed0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000ee0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000ef0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000f00| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000f10| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000f20| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000f30| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000f40| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000f50| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000f60| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000f70| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000f80| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000f90| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000fa0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000fb0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000fc0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | 00 02 3f ec ff ff ff ff |........|..?.....|
|00000fd0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000fe0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
|00000ff0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | 00 02 43 e0 ff ff ff ff |........|..C.....|
|00001000| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff 00 02 48 f9 |........|......H.|
|00001010| ff ff ff ff 00 02 4e 7b | ff ff ff ff 00 02 52 bb |......N{|......R.|
|00001020| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | 00 02 57 64 ff ff ff ff |........|..Wd....|
|00001030| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff 00 02 5a b7 |........|......Z.|
|00001040| 00 02 60 0f ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |..`.....|........|
|00001050| ff ff ff ff 00 02 63 4e | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |......cN|........|
|00001060| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff 00 02 67 1e |........|......g.|
|00001070| 00 02 69 4f ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |..iO....|........|
|00001080| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | 00 02 6e 07 ff ff ff ff |........|..n.....|
|00001090| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
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|000010e0| ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff | ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |........|........|
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|00001cd0| 70 72 65 79 20 61 74 20 | 68 69 67 68 20 73 70 65 |prey at |high spe|
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|00001d80| 6f 73 61 75 72 75 73 20 | 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 63 6c |osaurus |could cl|
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|00001de0| 20 62 6c 6f 77 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 69 74 73 20 70 | blow wi|th its p|
|00001df0| 6f 77 65 72 66 75 6c 20 | 63 6c 61 77 65 64 20 6c |owerful |clawed l|
|00001e00| 65 67 73 2e 20 0d 4c 4f | 43 41 4c 49 54 59 3a 20 |egs. .LO|CALITY: |
|00001e10| 20 41 6c 62 65 72 74 61 | 2c 20 43 61 6e 61 64 61 | Alberta|, Canada|
|00001e20| 3b 20 4d 6f 6e 74 61 6e | 61 2c 20 55 53 41 20 0d |; Montan|a, USA .|
|00001e30| 4f 52 44 45 52 3a 20 53 | 61 75 72 69 73 63 68 69 |ORDER: S|aurischi|
|00001e40| 61 20 0d 53 55 42 4f 52 | 44 45 52 3a 20 54 68 65 |a .SUBOR|DER: The|
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|00001eb0| 69 6f 6e 20 42 43 3b 33 | 39 20 46 65 65 74 3b 31 |ion BC;3|9 Feet;1|
|00001ec0| 2d 32 20 54 6f 6e 73 0d | 55 54 41 48 2c 20 55 4e |-2 Tons.|UTAH, UN|
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|00003660| 4f 52 44 45 52 3a 20 53 | 61 75 72 69 73 63 68 69 |ORDER: S|aurischi|
|00003670| 61 20 0d 53 55 42 4f 52 | 44 45 52 3a 20 53 61 75 |a .SUBOR|DER: Sau|
|00003680| 72 6f 70 6f 64 6f 72 70 | 68 61 20 0d 49 4e 46 52 |ropodorp|ha .INFR|
|00003690| 41 4f 52 44 45 52 3a 20 | 53 61 75 72 6f 70 6f 64 |AORDER: |Sauropod|
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|000036f0| 54 6f 6e 73 0d 55 54 41 | 48 2c 20 55 4e 49 54 45 |Tons.UTA|H, UNITE|
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|00003870| 63 72 6f 73 73 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 6c 61 69 6e 73 |cross th|e plains|
|00003880| 20 6f 66 20 4e 6f 72 74 | 68 20 41 6d 65 72 69 63 | of Nort|h Americ|
|00003890| 61 2e 20 53 63 69 65 6e | 74 69 73 74 73 20 6e 6f |a. Scien|tists no|
|000038a0| 20 6c 6f 6e 67 65 72 20 | 75 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 | longer |use the |
|000038b0| 6e 61 6d 65 20 42 72 6f | 6e 74 6f 73 61 75 72 75 |name Bro|ntosauru|
|000038c0| 73 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 | 65 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 |s becaus|e the fi|
|000038d0| 72 73 74 20 66 6f 73 73 | 69 6c 73 20 74 6f 20 62 |rst foss|ils to b|
|000038e0| 65 20 64 69 73 63 6f 76 | 65 72 65 64 20 6f 66 20 |e discov|ered of |
|000038f0| 74 68 69 73 20 63 72 65 | 61 74 75 72 65 20 77 65 |this cre|ature we|
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|00003920| 73 61 75 72 75 73 2e 20 | 0d 09 41 70 61 74 6f 73 |saurus. |..Apatos|
|00003930| 61 75 72 75 73 20 77 61 | 73 20 6f 6e 65 20 6f 66 |aurus wa|s one of|
|00003940| 20 74 68 65 20 6c 61 72 | 67 65 73 74 20 61 6e 69 | the lar|gest ani|
|00003950| 6d 61 6c 73 20 65 76 65 | 72 20 74 6f 20 77 61 6c |mals eve|r to wal|
|00003960| 6b 20 74 68 65 20 65 61 | 72 74 68 2e 20 49 74 20 |k the ea|rth. It |
|00003970| 62 65 6c 6f 6e 67 65 64 | 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 |belonged| to the |
|00003980| 67 72 6f 75 70 20 6f 66 | 20 70 6c 61 6e 74 2d 65 |group of| plant-e|
|00003990| 61 74 69 6e 67 20 53 61 | 75 72 6f 70 6f 64 73 20 |ating Sa|uropods |
|000039a0| 74 68 61 74 20 69 6e 63 | 6c 75 64 65 64 20 44 69 |that inc|luded Di|
|000039b0| 70 6c 6f 64 6f 63 75 73 | 20 61 6e 64 20 43 61 6d |plodocus| and Cam|
|000039c0| 61 72 61 73 61 75 72 75 | 73 2e 20 4c 69 6b 65 20 |arasauru|s. Like |
|000039d0| 74 68 65 73 65 20 6f 74 | 68 65 72 20 64 69 6e 6f |these ot|her dino|
|000039e0| 73 61 75 72 73 2c 20 41 | 70 61 74 6f 73 61 75 72 |saurs, A|patosaur|
|000039f0| 75 73 20 68 61 64 20 61 | 20 76 65 72 79 20 6c 6f |us had a| very lo|
|00003a00| 6e 67 20 6e 65 63 6b 20 | 61 6e 64 20 61 6e 20 65 |ng neck |and an e|
|00003a10| 76 65 6e 20 6c 6f 6e 67 | 65 72 20 74 61 69 6c 2e |ven long|er tail.|
|00003a20| 20 41 6e 20 61 64 75 6c | 74 20 41 70 61 74 6f 73 | An adul|t Apatos|
|00003a30| 61 75 72 75 73 20 6d 65 | 61 73 75 72 65 64 20 75 |aurus me|asured u|
|00003a40| 70 20 74 6f 20 37 30 20 | 66 65 65 74 20 69 6e 20 |p to 70 |feet in |
|00003a50| 6c 65 6e 67 74 68 20 61 | 6e 64 20 68 61 64 20 61 |length a|nd had a|
|00003a60| 20 74 69 6e 79 20 68 65 | 61 64 20 69 6e 20 63 6f | tiny he|ad in co|
|00003a70| 6d 70 61 72 69 73 6f 6e | 20 74 6f 20 69 74 73 20 |mparison| to its |
|00003a80| 62 6f 64 79 3a 20 6f 6e | 6c 79 20 32 32 20 69 6e |body: on|ly 22 in|
|00003a90| 63 68 65 73 20 6c 6f 6e | 67 21 20 41 6c 74 68 6f |ches lon|g! Altho|
|00003aa0| 75 67 68 20 6e 6f 74 20 | 61 73 20 6c 6f 6e 67 20 |ugh not |as long |
|00003ab0| 61 73 20 69 74 73 20 63 | 6c 6f 73 65 20 72 65 6c |as its c|lose rel|
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+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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